Method of making metallic brake-beams.



No. 67l,536. Patentad Apr. 9, I90l.

T.- E. CA'RLISS.

METHOD OF MAKING METALLIC BRAKE BEAMS.

(Applintion filed Apr. 80, 1900. Renewed Feb. 6, 1901.)

(No Model.)

IN VENTOI? g? I: t

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS E. GARLISS, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THE MONARGI-I BRAKE BEAM COMPANY, LIMITED, OF SAME PLACE.

METHOD OF MAKING METAL LIC BRAKE-BEAMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 671,536, dated April 9, 1901.

Application filed April 30,1900. Renewed February 51 1901. Serial No. 46,157. (lilo model To (1% whom it may ."oncern: sions to take one extension of the flange 0'' Be it known that I, THOMAS E. CARLIss, a-- of the brake-beam C. The upper die B is citizen of the United States, residing at Dethe complementof the strip or bearing-piece a troit, in the county of Wayne and State of and is adapted to bear upon the upper part 5 Michigan, have invented certain new and useof the web 0 of the beam C. There is a space ful Improvements in Methods of Making Me a similar to the space a between the vertical tallic Brake-Beams; and I do hereby declare extension (1 and the upper or top die B when the following to be a full, clear, and exact the latter is down, such space a being adaptdescription of the invention, such as will ened to receive the other extension 0 of the 6o [0 able others skilled in the art to which it apflange 0' of the brake-beam 0. Both dies A pertains to make and use the same. and B are chamfered off at their corners a This invention relates to an improvement and 19 having the shape adapted to the rein methods of making metallic brake-bcams, sultant curvature which is to be given to the and more especially a brake'beam the ends of end of the brake-beam. The die A is pro- :5 which are reduced in size. vided at or near its middle with a recess a The invention consists in the method here- To the open side of the dies and alined with inafter set forth. their chamfered corners is a compressor or In the annexed drawings, Figure 1 reprebulldog D. This bulldog has two lips d sents a partial end and partial transverse secd, having between them a space (F, the depth 20 tion of so much of an apparatus as is essenof which is about that of the thickness of the tial to the production of the brake-beam, the longitudinal strip or bearing-piece a, the top operative parts not being shown in the drawdie B, and the space between them occupied ings, as they may be of any well-known conby the web 0 of the beam 0. The lower lip d struction. This figure shows the apparatus is alined with and adapted to fit a recess a of 2 5 just before beginning to reduce the end of the the lower die A. Adapted to and alined with beam, such end being shown full size. Fig. the chamfered corners of the dies the com- 2 shows a similar view after the end of the pressor D is provided with an extension d beam has been reduced or compressed, the full This extension 61 has a shape and size comwidth of the beam being represented by dotted plementary to that of the chamfered corners 0 lines. Fig. 3 represents a top View. Fig. A of the two dies. This compressor D is conrepresents a side view of the dies, the top die nected by rods d with any suitable means being represented in dotted lines as swung for operating the said compressor or bulldog. open. Fig. 5 represents one step in the proc- Operation: In carrying out the method deess when the metal is temporarily hardened. scribed for the reduction or compression of 5 Fig. 6 represents in enlarged size a portion, the brake-beam the brakebeam, such as inof the complete beam after reduction or comdicated in Fig. 3, is placed in the apparatus pression. T with the web 0 of the beam lying on top of In the drawings, A and B represent bottom the bearing-piece a of the bottom die A and and top dies hinged together at a. The presthe top die B is turned down on top of such 40 cut apparatus being intended for manip'ulaweb, the flange c resting in the spaces a and tion of an I-beam, the construction of the die a between the vertical extension a and the adapted to such a beam is shown and will be longitudinal strip or bearing-piece 0t and the described. The lower die A is formed upon top die B. The end of the other flange 0 exits top with a longitudinal strip or bearingtends out beyond the chamfered portion or 5 piece a of suflicientlength to support the web corners or and b of the two dies, there being 0 of the beam 0. This bottom die A also has a space between such flange and such chama back vertical extension a extending upfered corners. The object of the apparatus ward above the top of the longitudinal strip is to force this end of the flange 0 back orbearing-piece a. Between the edge a of the against the chamfered corners of the dies, so I00 50 bearing-piece and the edge a of the extension as to give the end of the beam the configuraa? there is left a space a of suflicient dimention of the dies. To accomplish this purpose,

the end of the brake-beam to be afiected by the apparatus must be heated to a swaging heat or to such a degree of heat that the end may be reduced by compression. Before placing the end of the beam in the dies the corner of the beam which is to be acted on by the compressor is dipped into water, as shown at Fig. 5, so that one end of the flange is placed in the water. This hardens that portion of the flange c which is to be forced back under compression. This compression is eifeotuated by forcing up the compressor or bulldog D. As the compressor is forced up against the end of the beam the end a of the latter is forced back against the chamfered end of the die. As this action is accomplished the lips d d of the compressor D embrace the top and bottom dies, and therefore effectually prevent separation as compression takes place. Preferably the extension 0, of

the lower die A, to which the upper die B is hinged, is made solid, so that the extreme end of the beam 0 shall abut against it. It is thus manifest that the affected end of the beam is completely inclosed as the compression is effected. The result is that in reducing the end of the beam according to the,

herein-described method the metal is compressed, there remaining in the compressed end the same amount of metal, though the end of the beam is changed. Also the erosssection of this reduced end is of the same shape. After the end of the beam is reduced A brake-beam constructed according to the above operation and by the herein-described method is provided with reduced or compressed ends, to which the brake-heads are to be attached. Such a beam is adapted to be used with that class of cars in which there is not sufficient space between the tread of the wheels and the sand-board to use a beam having an end of the full size, and yet a beam made according to the present invention has all the strength and efficiency of the beam having the same cross section its entire length.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is i i 1. The method of reducing a portion of a beam which consists: first, heating the portion to be reduced to a swaging heat; second, temporarily hardening a part of such portion; third, compressing such portion to the desired reduced form.

2. That step in the method of mechanically reducing metal, which consists in temporarily hardening a part of the metal which is to undergo reduction.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

THOMAS E. CARLISS.

Witnesses:

F. B. J on HARRY U. FRos'r. 

